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Friday, March 4, 2011

Importance of Computer

Introduction: Computer is one of the wonders of modern science. It is a fairly recent invention. It has now become an essential part of modern life. It has greatly benefited us and brought about revolutionary changes in our life. It has made our way of life easy and less complicated.
What is a computer: Any device that help people perform mathematical calculations may be called a computer. A computer is basically a processor of information. In 1937 Mr. Howard Akin, an American Scientist invented such a machine that could do difficult sums and it is called the computer. Today, however the term computer refers to a special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process large masses of information at a great speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculation that trained mathematicians would need years to do. What gives it such tremendous power and versatility is the fact that the information contained in it may be processed in many different forms. With text, sound, video and computer generated graphics being just a few common examples. The fastest computers can handle millions of problems in a few seconds.
A computer consists of live major components. These are i) The input unit ii) the output unit iii) the memory unit: iv) control unit and v) the arithmetic unit.
A computer performs three functions. Firstly, it receives data. Secondly, it process data by various computations. Thirdly, it emits data. Every computer has a machine language of its own and accordingly it works. The machine language varies from machine to machine. Nowadays computer means digital computer. A digital computer can do hundreds of things more than an Analogue computer. It not only keeps accounts but also finds out defects of other machine and tells about its solution. It has got its special language. The question is arranged through certain signals. This signaling is called a programme. The question is sent to the receiver machine and the receiver machine sends it to the preservation machine. In the preservation machine thousands of words and numbers are arranged. They are its memory brain. The central machine carries out the order of the preservation machine and finds out the solution. Eventually the result comes out of the exit machine.
Types of computer: Modern day Digital Computers are of four types- micro computers, mini computers, mainframe computers and super computers, each varying in physical size, speed processing capabilities, memory size, disk storage capacity and cost. Computers come in many different forms also. It is not only monitor and CPU (Central Processing Unit). Embedded systems such as ones in the washing machines or air-conditioners also computers designed to do a single specific task rapidly. Expert systems which are capable of emulating human reasoning and Artificial Intelligence are also other forms of computer systems.
Various uses of computers: Computers can be used in various sections. It is widely used in banks, insurance companies, and educational institutions for data storage, processing and output. Computers are also used for telecommunications, air traffic control, navigation of ships and aircraft. It has brought new speed and accuracy to weather forecasting. In the field of medical diagnosis and printing computers are doing wonders. At present this machine has enabled mankind to cross thousands of miles within an hour. He can see the events of the countries thousands of miles away sitting in his room through the glass screen of his mother by using a TV-card in his computer. Nowadays computers can perform many complicated tasks. It can run business, play chase or even compose music. So many people call the computer an electronic brain. A new developing section of computer technology is robotics derived from the word ‘’robotnik’’ meaning slave. As the name implies, they are made to help human in their tasks, especially the dangerous and hard ones. Until now, the uses of robots have been very limited, most commonly in car factories. But by the end of the century It us expected that the use of robots would be worldwide.
Conclusion: Computer has made our life easier and enjoyable. It has brought for mankind such comforts as a man can never dream of even in a fairy land. It is the latest miracle that has brought revolution in the application of science for the benefit of mankind.

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